method of natural lighting

method of natural lighting
Windows are indispensable for natural lighting. For a room, one is single-sided lighting, and the other is opening windows not only on one side, but also on the other side. For a room, single-sided lighting is not good enough. It is best to have windows on the opposite side, also known as opposite side lighting. With single side lighting, as the distance away from the window increases, the illuminance will decrease rapidly, and the height twice the window is usually a critical point. The closer the side windows are to the ceiling, the stronger the lighting capacity. To sum up, the room should pay attention to the ratio of depth to depth. For example, if the house is 4 meters high, then the depth of 6 meters is more appropriate. The light is relatively comfortable and there will be no strong contrast between light and dark. Of course, if it is a building, factors such as building spacing and floor height should also be considered. Generally, the distance between buildings should be at least 1.2, the floors should be at least 3 floors, and tower buildings should be 6 floors or more.

The closer the windows are to the ceiling, the more natural light will be brought in. If the natural lighting environment is good, there is also the possibility of direct sunlight, which will form glare. Ancient buildings had the habit of overhanging eaves for shading, and even formed the architectural style of palaces and temples with large roofs and overhanging eaves. There are also houses that use overhanging eaves or sunshades to block direct sunlight. Another common method is to use blinds.

In addition to side window lighting, top lighting can also be used. Top lighting can effectively use natural light, avoid the problem of room depth, and the light is more uniform. The common ones are light wells, which can collect natural light and project them into the interior space. Such designs are often seen in libraries now. High side windows are mostly single-family buildings, and side windows are opened in the raised space of the roof to form high side windows. It is also common to directly open the skylight, or set a baffle on the skylight. Another clever design is the zigzag skylight. Urban residences are limited by space. Except for some libraries and office buildings that may adopt top lighting design, most buildings use side lighting. In rural buildings, top lighting such as skylights and light wells are often used.

Artificial light guide system: Solar energy is clean energy. One is to use solar panels to convert solar energy into electrical energy for direct use, and the other is to convert solar energy into thermal energy, such as solar water heaters. These conversion efficiencies are relatively low. Now there is also a light guide system that uses the principle of total reflection of light to guide sunlight into the room for lighting. Such a system usually consists of a light concentrating device, a light guiding device such as a light pipe optical fiber, and a light output device. It has the advantages of no need for electricity and natural light, and it can also be applied in remote areas lacking electricity. For tunnel lighting, the introduction of natural light can reduce eye discomfort. The artificial light guide system has a natural light spectrum and filters excess harmful ultraviolet and infrared light, which is also beneficial for the lighting of libraries, expo centers, etc.

Window material: The window material can be divided into single-layer, double-layer and multi-layer. See if there is glue in the middle. This has an impact on hardness, heat conduction, etc. In addition, the light transmittance and whether coating is required are also factors that need to be considered.

Although natural lighting is good, it is limited by the limitation of living space. Even in the daytime, artificial light is often needed for supplementary lighting. When combining artificial lighting with natural light, the uniformity and balance of illumination should be considered, and the supplementary light in different areas should be adjusted. Also consider the impact of the brightness contrast of light, the impact of color temperature on people's emotions, and so on.